India's Role in UNPKF: A Legacy of Commitment and Sacrifice

International Day of UN Peacekeepers is celebrated on 29th May every year. Since the 1950s, India has been a major contributor to UN peacekeeping efforts, deploying over 200,000 troops across 49 missions. As the second-largest troop contributor, India's peacekeepers are renowned for their bravery, with 168 making the ultimate sacrifice. They have been honored with 27 gallantry awards, and one was awarded the Param Vir Chakra (PvC).

Peacekeepers monitor and support peace processes in post-conflict areas, helping ex-combatants implement peace agreements. Their assistance includes separating former combatants, building confidence, power-sharing, electoral help, strengthening the rule of law, and promoting economic and social development. Known as Blue Berets or Blue Helmets, UN peacekeepers comprise soldiers, police officers, and civilian personnel.

Background of UNPKF

1. When the UN Security Council approved the deployment of UN military observers to the Middle East in 1948, the UN Peacekeeping Forces were established.
2. UN peacekeeping forces aid nations in negotiating the perilous transition from war to peace.
3. To carry out several missions approved by the UN Security Council (UNSC) and the UN General Assembly, it deploys soldiers and police from all over the world and combines them with civilian peacekeepers.
4. 2024 Theme: Fit for the future, building better together

Historical Contributions and Key Missions

India's involvement in UN peacekeeping began shortly after the country's independence. Indian troops have been part of 49 UN peacekeeping missions, serving in some of the most challenging environments around the world. Here are some notable missions:

1. Korea (1950-54): India deployed a paramedical unit to facilitate the withdrawal of sick and wounded in Korea. Lt Gen K.S. Thimmaya was appointed as the Chairman of the Neutral Nations Repatriation Commission (NNRC).
2. Indo-China (1954-70): India provided an infantry battalion and supporting staff for the control of Indo-China, including Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos. Tasks included monitoring ceasefires and repatriating prisoners of war.
3. Middle East (1956-67): In the United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF), India contributed an infantry battalion and other support elements, marking the first deployment of armed troop contingents.
4. Congo (1960-64): Two infantry brigades and a flight of six Canberra bomber aircraft from the Indian Air Force participated in operations. Capt. G.S. Salaria was posthumously awarded the Param Vir Chakra for his actions in Katanga.

Read About other missions

Current Contributions

India remains the second-largest troop contributor to UN peacekeeping missions, with 7,676 personnel deployed in 10 out of 16 active UN missions. This includes 760 police personnel. Indian troops are currently serving in various critical missions, including:

1. Lebanon (UNIFIL): An infantry battalion group and a Level II Hospital, comprising 892 personnel, have been deployed since December 1998.
2. Congo (MONUC/MONUSCO): India has deployed an augmented infantry brigade group with a Level III Hospital, numerous military observers, and two formed police units from the BSF and ITBP.
3. Sudan (UNMISS): Contributions include two infantry battalion groups, sector HQ, an engineer company, a signal company, a Level II Hospital, and numerous military observers and staff officers.
4. Golan Heights (UNDOF): A logistics battalion with 190 personnel has been deployed since February 2006, providing crucial logistical support amidst the Syrian conflict.

Honoring the Sacrifices

The sacrifices of Indian peacekeepers have not gone unnoticed. The Indian Army has earned numerous gallantry awards for its contributions to UN missions, including one Param Vir Chakra, six Mahavir Chakras, and 20 Vir Chakras. The legacy of bravery and dedication continues to inspire future generations of peacekeepers.

India's role in UN peacekeeping is a testament to its enduring commitment to global peace and security. Through numerous missions and countless sacrifices, India has demonstrated its dedication to upholding the principles of the United Nations and fostering stability in conflict-affected regions. 

As the nature of peacekeeping evolves, India's experience and contributions will remain invaluable to the international community's efforts to maintain peace and security worldwide.

Until we meet..

Jai Hind!